Species Profile: Red-spotted Purple Butterfly

Common Name: Red-spotted Purple Butterfly
Scientific Name: Limenitis arthemis astyanax

Location: Inhabits woodlands, forest edges, shaded trails, and gardens across Central Texas. Prefers areas near water sources and deciduous trees.

Mating Habits: Males patrol woodland clearings for mates. Females lay eggs singly on the tips of host plant leaves, especially on trees such as wild cherry, willow, cottonwood, and oak.

Seasonal Habits / Migratory Patterns: This butterfly is non-migratory and can be seen from spring through fall in Central Texas. Two to three broods may occur annually depending on weather.

Ecological Relevance: The larvae feed on a variety of native trees, contributing to the ecological web. Adults are important nectar feeders and play a role in pollination, though they also commonly feed on sap flows and rotting fruit.

Interesting Facts:

• Despite the name, it is not actually purple—wings are a striking iridescent blue with red-orange spots.

• Mimics the toxic Pipevine Swallowtail as a defense strategy.

• Caterpillars resemble bird droppings as a camouflage mechanism.

Native Plant Associations: Adults feed on nectar from native species like butterfly bush, dogbane, and milkweed, and are also found on rotting fruit.

Conservation Note: Preserving native woodlands and planting nectar-rich gardens near trees can help maintain populations of this beautiful mimic species.